美国马丁繁荣度研究所(Martin Prosperity Institute)近期发布了名为《2016年美国风险投资报告》(Startup US 2016 Spiky Venture Capital Revised)报告。
这份报告直观展示给我们三大结论:
- 1.97%的风投资本集中在 Top 50 的城市群沿线;Top 20占据了90%的风投资本;Top 10 占据了75%。
- 2.旧金山湾区以135亿美元的资本成为各个风投中心地区的老大,数额超过全美总量的三分之一。
- 3.湾区里的风投老大自然是硅谷,以85亿美元的风投资本占据全美总量的25%;圣何塞吸引了49亿美元,占15%。
此外,报告还调研了与风投相关的经济,人口以及社会方面的关键因素。
风险投资的地理分布非常集中。前50名的城市群占据了风投总额的97.2%,前20名占据了近90%,排名前十的城市群所占风险投资总额就超过四分之三。旧金山湾区是美国风投界当之无愧的黄金海岸,总额达到135亿美元,占比超过全美风投总额的三分之一。其中,硅谷,以85亿美元的风投资本占据全美总量的25%;圣何塞吸引了49亿美元,占比15%。纽约以33亿美元排名第三,占比10%。波士顿以32亿美元排名第四,洛杉矶第五,17亿美元,华盛顿特区第六,13亿美元。
风险投资主要集中在三大集群。旧金山湾区,横跨旧金山,圣何塞和几个较小的城市圈,占比40%。波士顿-纽约-华盛顿一线占比也超过了四分之一。南加州城市群,包括洛杉矶,圣地亚哥,圣芭芭拉和奥克斯纳德共占9%。这三大集群所吸引的风投总额就超过了全美的四分之三。此外,影响风投资本流动的因素还有高科技产业,科技工作者,高比例的创新。资本倾向于流向规模更大,人口密度更高,高效,开放,多元化,人才集中的城市群。资本爱去的那些地方也总是伴随着更高的房价,薪资差异巨大和经济隔离,但又并不是说收入越高的地方越容易吸引风投资本。
总而言之,本文的风险投资的版图是对于基于知识,创新驱动以及人才取向的美国经济社会现状比较本质的一种反映。 而国内创业者面临的创业环境与之有相似之处,也有我们自身面临的独特状况。希望本文能为大家带来启发。
英文版:
The Cities Project at the Martin Prosperity Institute focuses on the role of cities as the key economic and social organizing unit of global capitalism. It explores both the opportunities and challenges facing cities as they take on this heightened new role.
The Martin Prosperity Institute, housed at the University of Toronto’s Rotman School of Management, explores the requisite underpinnings of a democratic capitalist economy that generate prosperity that is both robustly growing and broadly experienced.
Exhibits
- Exhibit 1 Venture Capital Investment in the United States
- Exhibit 2 Top 20 Metros for Venture Capital Investment in the United States
- Exhibit 3 Venture Capital Investment in the United States per Capita
- Exhibit 4 Top 20 Metros by Venture Capital Investment in the United States per Capita
- Exhibit 5 Venture Capital Investment in the United States by Zip Code
- Exhibit 6 Top 20 Zip Codes for Venture Capital Investment
- Exhibit 7 High-Tech and Innovation Correlations
- Exhibit 8 Wage, Income, and Economic Output Correlations
- Exhibit 9 Talent Correlations
- Exhibit 10 Working and Service Class Correlations
- Exhibit 11 Correlations for Occupations
- Exhibit 12 Foreign-born and Gay Correlations
- Exhibit 13 Population and Density Correlations
- Exhibit 14 Commuting Correlations
- Exhibit 15 Housing Cost Correlations
- Exhibit 16 Inequality and Segregation Correlations